Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world. It stands at an altitude of 8848.86m (29,031 feet) above sea level. Located in the Himalayas on the border between Nepal and Tibet, the mountain is a part of the Mahalangur Himal sub range. It is a well known destination for climbers and adventurers from around the globe.
Geographical Location of Mount Everest
1. Continent and Region
Mount Everest is located in Asia, the largest continent in the world, known for its vast landscapes, diverse cultures, and rich biodiversity. Specifically, it lies within the Himalayan mountain range, which stretches across several countries. On the Nepalese side, it is part of the Sagarmatha National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its stunning scenery and rich biodiversity. The park is home to many unique plants and animals, as well as the famous Sherpa people, who have a deep connection to the mountain. On the Tibetan side, it is near the town of Tingri. This area is also known for its breathtaking views of the mountain and serves as a base for climbers coming from the north. The unique location makes it a cultural and geographical landmark for both nations.
2. Coordinates of Mount Everest
Mount Everest is not just tall; it also has a very definite spot on the globe. Its precise location was determined in 2005 by the China National Surveying and Mapping Administration. The coordinates are 27°59' North latitude and 86°55' East longitude. Knowing these coordinates helps scientists and climbers pinpoint their exact position for research and expeditions.
3. Surrounding Mountain Ranges
Mount Everest is part of the Mahalangur Himal sub-range, which itself is a section of the Himalayas. The range is home to some of the world's highest peaks, making it a significant area for mountaineering and adventure tourism. Some notable nearby peaks are:
- Lhotse: 8516 m(27,791 feet)
- Nuptse: 7,861 m (25,791 feet)
- Changtse: 7570 m (24,836 feet)
- Pumori: 7570 m (24,836 feet)
- Makalu: 8485 m (27,838 feet)
Mount Everest in Nepal
Mount Everest divides the border between Nepal and Tibet. But Nepal offers some of the most well known and frequently used routes to the summit. Let’s look at what makes the Nepal side so special.
Access Point from Nepal
The most common and popular access point is through Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal.
- Starting Point: Lukla: Most trekkers fly to Lukla from Kathmandu. The flight takes about 30 minutes and offers stunning aerial views of mountain ranges.
- Trekking Route: The trek from Lukla to Everest Base Camp takes about 12-14 days, depending on the itinerary. The trail passes through major stops such as Phakding, Namche Bazaar, Tengboche, and Dingboche.
- Everest Base Camp: Everest Base Camp is situated at an altitude of about 5,364 m (17,598 feet). Upon arrival, trekkers are greeted with breathtaking views of the Khumbu Icefall and the surrounding peaks. It’s a popular spot for climbers preparing for their summit attempts.
The trek itself is part of the adventure, passing through Sherpa villages, across suspension bridges, and up steep inclines. It's a long journey, but the views along the way are outstanding.
Cultural Significance in Nepal
Mount Everest holds immense cultural significance in Nepal for several reasons:
- Spiritual Beliefs: The mountain is known as "Sagarmatha" in Nepali and "Chomolungma" in Tibetan. Both names reflect their respected status. Many local people believe that Everest is a sacred place connected to their spiritual beliefs and traditions.
- Cultural Heritage: The indigenous Sherpa people have lived in the region for generations. They have a deep connection to the mountain and see it as part of their identity. Before climbing, Sherpas perform rituals and ceremonies to seek blessings from the mountain. This includes offerings and prayers to ensure safety and success during the climb.
- Tourism and Economy: Mount Everest has attracted thousands of trekkers and climbers from across the world. It is a vital economic resource for local communities. Also, the visitors bring diverse cultures and traditions, enriching the local way of life.
- Symbol of National Pride: Everest is a source of pride for Nepal. The world knows Nepal as a country of the tallest mountains. It symbolises the country's natural beauty and strength.
Mount Everest in Tibet
Access Point from Tibet
The main access route to Mount Everest from Tibet is through the town of Tingri. Here are the details:
- Starting Point: Most travellers commence their journey in Lhasa, the capital of Tibet. You can reach Lhasa by train or plane.
- Travel to Tingri: The trip to Tingri takes about 8-10 hrs by road. Along the road, you can see the views of the Tibetan landscape and mountains.
- Reaching Everest Base Camp: The journey from Tingri to Everest Base Camp takes about 2-3 hours by vehicle. The Tibetan Base Camp is located at about 5200 m(17,060 feet), and it offers stunning views of the mountains.
Cultural Significance in Tibet
- Spiritual Belief: Chomolungma is considered a sacred mountain in Tibetan Buddhism. It is viewed as the "Goddess Mother of the World", representing the connection between the earth and the divine. They believe that visiting the mountain and performing rituals around it can bring blessings and good fortune. Climbers and trekkers perform ceremonies involving prayer flags, incense, and offerings before approaching the mountain.
- Cultural Pride: For Tibetan people, Chomolungma is a source of pride. It represents their rich cultural heritage and resilience in the face of challenges.
- Tourism and Economy: The mountain attracts tourists and climbers from around the world, which brings economic benefits to local communities. Many Tibetans work as guides and porters and in hospitality services, which provide livelihoods and help maintain their cultural practices.
Height and Elevation of Mount Everest
Official Height Measurements
The official height of Mount Everest has been measured multiple times, using different methods and results.
- Current Official Height: The most recent height is 8848.46 meters (29,031.7 feet). The measurement was jointly announced by Nepal and China in December 2020.
- Measurement History: The first recorded height was in 1856. It was measured at 8848 meters (29,002 feet) by the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India. The mountain has been re-measured several times due to factors like geological activity and changes in snow cover.
- Modern measurements use GPS technology, which provides very accurate readings of the mountain's height. Surveying is another method, such as triangulation, which was used in earlier measurements.
Impact of Plate Movements
So, why does the height of Everest keep changing? Tectonic activity has a major impact on Mount Everest. Here’s how it works:
- Formation of the Mountain: Mount Everest was formed by the collision of two plates: the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate. This collision caused the land to buckle and rise, creating the Himalayas. The movement of these plates continues today, which means Everest is still growing slowly over time.
- Height Changes: Due to tectonic activity, Mount Everest is gradually increasing. It rises about 4 millimetres(0.16 inches) each year due to pressure from the plate. Earthquakes and seismic activity related to these plate movements can also affect the mountain’s height and shape.
- Measurement Challenges: Due to ongoing plate movement activity, the exact height of Mount Everest can change. This makes accurate measurements essential for scientific understanding.
Conclusion
Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world. It is situated between the border of Nepal and China. It stands at an altitude of 8848.46 m (29,032 feet). If you’re planning to visit, remember that the Nepal side is more accessible for climbers and adventurers. Nepal Outdoor Expeditions offers expertly guided treks and expeditions, ensuring a safe and unforgettable journey to this beautiful mountain.
Also read: How to trek to Everest Base Camp
FAQs on Mount Everest Location
Where is Mount Everest Located?
Mount Everest is situated on the border between Nepal and Tibet, which is a part of China.
What is the height of Mount Everest?
Mount Everest stands at an altitude of 8848.46 m or 29,032 feet above sea level, which is the highest point on earth.
How can I access Mount Everest?
You can access Mount Everest from two sides: the southern side in Nepal and the northern side in Tibet. The Nepal side is generally easier to reach.
What is the significance of Mount Everest in Nepal?
In Nepal, Mount Everest is called Sagarmatha and is considered a national treasure. It is part of Sagarmatha National Park, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
What do people call Mount Everest in Tibet?
In Tibet, Mount Everest is known as Chomolungma, which means ‘Mother Goddess of the World’.